Which of the Following Architects Did Not Work on St Peterã¢ââ¢s Basilica? Art 101
Saint Peter's Basilica (Basilica Sancti Petri), begun 1506, completed 1626, Vatican City
Architects and designers included: Donato Bramante (whose design won Julius 2'due south competition); Antonio da Sangallo, a student of Bramante (the Pauline Chapel); Fra Giocondo (strengthening of the foundation); Raphael and Fra Giocondo (whose redesigned building programme was non executed); Michelangelo (pattern of the dome, crossing, and exterior excluding the nave and facade); Giacomo della Porta (blueprint of the cupola); Carlo Maderno (extension of Michelangelo's plan, adding a nave and grand facade); Gian Lorenzo Bernini (addition of the piazza, the Cathedra Petri, and the Baldacchino).
H.West. Brewer, Drawing of Quondam St. Peter's Basilica as it appeared between 1475 and 1483, 1891
Pope Julius Two commissioned Bramante to build a new basilica—this involved demolishing the Old St Peter's Basilica that had been erected by Constantine in the fourth century. This ancient church was in busted. But violent it down was a bold maneuver that gives u.s.a. a sense of the enormous ambition of Pope Julius II, both for the papacy also as for himself.
Numerous architects (see below), Saint Peter's Basilica, begun 1506 completed 1626 (Vatican City) (photo: Steven Zucker, CC By-NC-SA 2.0)
Burial site of St. Peter
The site is a very holy one—information technology is (according to the Church) the site of the burial of St. Peter. Bramante did the kickoff plan for the new church. He proposed an enormous centrally planned church building in the shape of a Greek cross enclosed within a square with an enormous dome over the center, and smaller domes and half-domes radiating out. When Bramante died, Raphael took over equally principal architect for St. Peter'due south, and when Raphael died, Michelangelo took over. Both Michelangelo and Raphael made substantial changes to Bramante's original program. Even so, the experience of being inside St. Peter's is monumental.
Bramante, programme for St. Peter'southward Basilica, 1506
Raphael, plan for St. Peter's Basilica, 1513
Michelangelo, plan for St. Peter's Basilica, 1547
Basilica and central program
The two basic types of Church are the basilica and the central plan. The basilica, with its long axis that focuses attending on the chantry, has been the most popular type of church building plan because of its practicality.
Numerous architects (come across beneath), Nave, Saint Peter's Basilica, begun 1506 completed 1626 (Vatican Urban center)
The other pop blazon of church plan is a primal plan that is normally based either on the shape of a circle, or on a Greek cantankerous (a cantankerous with equal arms). These are called central plans because the measurements are all equidistant from a centre. This blazon of Church, influenced by Classical architecture (think of the Pantheon), was very popular amid High Renaissance architects. Besides the influence of ancient Roman architecture, the circle had spiritual associations. The circumvolve, which has no beginning and no end, symbolized the perfection and eternal nature of God. For some thinkers in antiquity and the Renaissance the universe itself was synthetic in the form of concentric circles with the sunday, moon and stars moving in round orbits around the globe.
Bramante's original design was for a central program, however—as built—the church combines elements of a central programme with the longer nave of a basilica.
Architectural contributors to St. Peter'due south Basilica include:
Donato Bramante, whose design won Julius 2'due south contest
Antonio da Sangallo, a pupil of Bramante, who designed the Pauline Chapel
Fra Giocondo, who strengthened the foundation
Raphael worked with Fra Giocondo, whose redesigned building plan was not executed
Michelangelo designed the dome, crossing, and outside excluding the nave and facade
Giacomo della Porta designed the cupola
Carlo Maderno, extended Michelangelo's programme adding a nave and grand facade
Gian Lorenzo Bernini added the piazza, the Cathedra Petri, and the Baldacchino
Additional resources:
Designing St. Peter'south from Columbia University
Vatican tour of the necropolis believed to comprise the tomb of Saint Peter – Please note: to reach the interactive bout of the necropolis, keep beyond the introduction and the brief lecture offered past Key Comastri
St. Peter's Basilica at Sacred Destinations
Google Satellite image
Smarthistory images for pedagogy and learning:
No photos
More than Smarthistory images…
Cite this page as: Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker, "Saint Peter'south Basilica," in Smarthistory, August 9, 2015, accessed May 5, 2022, https://smarthistory.org/st-peters-basilica/.
Source: https://smarthistory.org/st-peters-basilica/
0 Response to "Which of the Following Architects Did Not Work on St Peterã¢ââ¢s Basilica? Art 101"
Post a Comment